مجله‌ي بین المللی غدد درون‌ريز و متابوليسمInt J Endocrinol MetabMedical Scienceshttp://www.ijem.org1726-913Xen

Accredited Adult Endocrinology Subspecialty Training Programs in Iranian UniversitiesAzizi FAzizi FEndocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University (M.C.), Tehran, I.R. IranEditorial--F. AziziFereidoun Azizi2/12/2009 12:00:00 AM2/26/2009 12:00:00 AMazizi@endocrine.ac.ir114http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Sodium Potassium ATPase and Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Patients with Hyperthyroidism: A Comparison with Euthyroid PatientsPrasad A, Nayak SPrasad A Nayak SDepartment of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Madhavanagar, Manipal – 576104, IndiaOriginal ArticleSodium potassium ATPase (Na+-K+ ATPase) and Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G 6 PD) activities in different tissues have been found to be stimulated by thyroid hormones. In erythrocytes, the activities of these enzymes were reported to vary. The aim of our study was to determine the sodium potassium ATPase and glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase activities in patients with hyperthyroidism and compare them with those of patients with euthyroid goiter. Materials and Methods: After approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee and obtaining in-formed consent from all patients, 40 hyperthyro-id patients (17 men, 23 women; mean age 44.75±2.6 years) and 50 patients with euthyroid goiter (13 men, 37 women; mean age 37.2±1.6 years) were included in the study. They were classified based on T3, T4, TSH measurements. Erythrocyte Na+-K+ ATPase and G 6 PD activity were measured using spectrophotometry. Results: In hyperthyroid patients, Na+-K+ ATPase activity was significantly lower compared to euthyroid controls (134.98±3.78 vs. 164.34±3.85 nmol pi/hr.mg protein, p<0.001) and G 6 PD le-vels were significantly elevated when compared to euthyroid controls (19.19±0.438 U/g Hb vs. 11.505±0.385 U/g Hb, p<0.001). Conclusion: Hyperthyroidism is associated with decrease in Na+-K+ ATPase activity and increase in G 6 PD levels when compared to patients with euthyroid goiter. The measurement of Na+-K+ ATPase activity could be used as an early marker for diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. Sodium potassium ATPase, Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, HyperthyroidismNa+-K+ ATPase in hyperthyroidismAnushre Prasad11/25/2008 12:00:00 AM1/29/2009 12:00:00 AManushreprasad@gmail.com1511http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Trends of Serum Thyrotropin Concentration and Associated Factors in Urban Pakistan (Karachi)Riaz M<SUP>a</SUP>, Salman A<SUP>a</SUP>, Fawwad A<SUP>a</SUP>, Iqbal Hydrie MZ<SUP>b</SUP>, Yakoob Ahmadani M<SUP>a</SUP>, Basit A<SUP>a</SUP>, Shera AS<SUP>c</SUP> Riaz M<SUP>a</SUP> Salman A<SUP>a</SUP> Fawwad A<SUP>a</SUP> Iqbal Hydrie MZ<SUP>b</SUP> Yakoob Ahmadani M<SUP>a</SUP> Basit A<SUP>a</SUP> Shera AS<SUP>c</SUP> <SUP>a</SUP>Department of Medicine, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, <SUP>b</SUP>Department of International Health, Institute of General Practice and CommunOriginal ArticleThis investigation aimed at assessing trends of TSH levels and associated factors in apparently normal subjects of urban Pakistan (Karachi). Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted in 2004 in Lyari, Karachi. Using a geographical imaging system, 85, 520 households were identified, of which 532 were randomly se-lected; 867 adults aged ≥25 years consented to take part in the study. Blood samples from 324 subjects were available for analyses. Subjects with previous history of thyroid disorders were excluded. Results: Mean age of subjects was 40.8&#177;14.13 years; 68.2% were females; mean values of waist circumference of males and females were 89.5&#177;16 cm and 87.8&#177;15.7 cm respectively. Fifty-nine (18.2%) subjects had TSH&gt;6.0 (mU/L) based on the ELISA laboratory reference range, used for the estimation of TSH. Based on the American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines, 159 (49.07%) subjects had TSH&lt;2.5, while 76 (23.45%) subjects with TSH between 2.5–4.0 mU/L as per ATA definition were in the “at risk” category. Thirty subjects (9.26%) had TSH levels between 4.1–6.0 mU/L. A significant correlation was found between TSH and BMI and waist circumference, whereas a weak, non significant one was observed between TSH and waist hip ratio. A strong association between overweight (BMI&gt;23) and elevated serum TSH concentration (TSH&gt;4.1 mU/L) was also observed. Conclusion: This spectrum of TSH levels hig-hlighted a high prevalence of increased serum TSH levels in the population studied, a trend that was associated with obesity and various lipid abnormalities. Further population based studies are needed to correlate these findings with clinical parameters of hypothyroidism.Thyrotropin, Sub-clinical hypothyroidism, ObesityTrends of Thyroid profiles in KarachiMussarat Riaz12/2/2008 12:00:00 AM2/4/2009 12:00:00 AMresearch@bideonline.com11219http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-language: FA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US">Protective Effect of Aspirin in Relation to IGF-1 in StreptozotoMartha S<SUP>a</SUP>, Veldandi UK<SUP>a</SUP>, Devarakonda Krishna R<SUP>b</SUP>, Pantam N<SUP>c</SUP>, Thungathurthi S<SUP>c</SUP>, Reddy Yellu N<SUP>a</SUP>Martha S<SUP>a</SUP> Veldandi UK<SUP>a</SUP> Devarakonda Krishna R<SUP>b</SUP> Pantam N<SUP>c</SUP> Thungathurthi S<SUP>c</SUP> Reddy Yellu N<SUP>a</SUP><SUP>a</SUP>Dept. of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, <SUP>b</SUP>Clinical Research Division, Covedien Inc., Hazelwood,Original ArticleThe present study aimed at investigating the protective effects of aspirin in relation to insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced type-2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Rat pups were divided into four groups; on the 5th day of their age, group-I pups received citrate buffer solution and served as the normal group; group-II, treated on-ly with streptozotocin (80 mg/kg, i.p), served as the diabetic group; groups-III & IV, treated with aspirin (10 mg/kg/day, p.o) for one month (5-35 days) and two months (5-65 days) after streptozo-tocin, served as the treated groups. On the 35th and 65th days, blood samples were collected from all animals and fasting blood sugar, fasting insu-lin, IGF-1, insulin resistance and insulin sensi-tivity levels were estimated. Results: Blood samples taken on the 35th & 65th days, from pups treated with streptozotocin per se and in combination with aspirin for one and two months showed significantly increased body weight, fasting blood glucose and insulin resis-tance levels and significantly lowered fasting in-sulin and insulin sensitivity levels, when com-pared to the normal control pups respectively. Pups treated with aspirin for one month had significantly raised IGF-1 levels, whereas those with two month treatments had significantly lo-wered IGF-1 levels when compared to the nor-mal pups (p <0.0001). Conclusions: The study indicates that aspirin pretreatment seems to protect the pancreas from damage caused by STZ and maintains glucose levels in diabetic rats, while increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing insulin resistance, which may indicate an involvement of an insulin like pathway, particularly IGF-1.Insulin like growth factor-I, Streptozotocin, Aspirin, Type-2 diabetesProtective effect of aspirin in diabetic ratsPantam Narayana2/7/2009 12:00:00 AM3/16/2009 12:00:00 AMpantamnarayana@gmail.com12025http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Relationship Between Insulin like Growth Factor-1 and Leptin in Type II Diabetic PatientsZarghami N^a, Mohammad Zadeh G^b, Karimi P^aZarghami N^a Mohammad Zadeh G<sup>b</sup> Karimi P<sup>a</sup><sup>a</sup>Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, <sup>b</sup>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of MeOriginal ArticleDiabetes is a common endocrine disease in humans. Leptin secretion is influenced by many factors and although the growth hormone/insulin like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis plays an important role in the regulation of body composition, the physiological interaction between Leptin and IGF-1 system remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between Leptin and IGF-1 in type II diabetics and controls. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was consisted of 38, type 2 diabetics (20 males and 18 females, mean age 49.33 &#177; 11.33,years) and 46 healthy controls (16 males and 30 females, mean age 49.52 &#177; 7.99,years). We measured the concentrations of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), IGF-1, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) and insulin like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3) in both groups. FPG was measured by the enzymat-ic glucose oxidase method and the Hb Gold ana-lyzer HPLC was used to measure HbA1C. For de-termination of leptin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and insu-lin concentrations, the enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) method was used. P&lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Means of BMI and age did not differ significantly between the two groups. Mean se-rum levels of IGF-1, leptin, insulin, FPG and HbA1c concentrations in type 2 diabetics were significantly higher than in controls (p&lt;0.05). In both groups, mean serum levels of leptin in males, were statistically lower than in females. Strong correlations were found between IGF-1 and IGFBP-3, leptin and insulin, IGF-1 and age, and between BMI and FPG in both patients and controls (p&lt;0.05). A negative correlation was ob-served between IGF-1 and HbA1c in patients and controls (p&lt; 0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that leptin and the IGF-1 system, could influence body composition and fat content, particularly in obese and over-weight diabetic patients.Type II diabetes, Leptin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, IGF-1/IGFBP molar ratioIGF &amp; Leptin in diabeticsN Zarghami 2/28/2009 12:00:00 AM5/6/2009 12:00:00 AMZarghami@tbzmed.ac.ir12634http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Correlation of Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors in Girls: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS)Ziaee A<SUP>a</SUP>, Mirmiran P<SUP>b</SUP>, Hosseini F<SUP>b</SUP>, Momenan AA<SUP>b</SUP>, Samiee Rad F<SUP>a</SUP>, Azizi F<SUP>b</SUP>Ziaee A<SUP>a</SUP> Mirmiran P<SUP>b</SUP> Hosseini F<SUP>b</SUP> Momenan AA<SUP>b</SUP> Samiee Rad F<SUP>a</SUP> Azizi F<SUP>b</SUP><SUP>a</SUP>Metabolic Disease Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, <SUP>b</SUP>Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University (M.C), Original ArticleThis study aimed at investigating the correlation of obesity with cardiovascular disease risk factors among children and adolescent girls. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, representative samples of 2061 girls, aged 3–18 years, were selected from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), weight and height were measured and BMI was calculated. Serum concentrations of triglycerides (TG) and HDL-C were measured and LDL-C was calculated. Results: Obesity affected 4.7% of the girls. Mean values of BMI, systolic and diastolic BP and TG increased with advancing age. Serum HDL-C, LDL-C and cholesterol levels increased with age up to the age of 12 years and decreased thereafter with advancing age. Compared with non-obese girls, obese girls had greater risks of high TG (OR=1.76, CI=0.48–5.08), high LDL-C (OR=1.3 , CI=0.86–0.95), high cholesterol (OR=2.0,CI=0.06–3.72), low HDL-C (OR=1.46, CI=0.21–5.20), high systolic BP (OR=2.3, CI=0.08-5.22), and high dias-tolic BP (OR=2.4, CI=1.71–14.48). Conclusion: Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors increase in children and adolescent obese girls in Tehran.Obesity, Cardiovascular disease risk factors, GirlsObesity and cardiovascular risk factors in girlsFereidoun Azizi12/25/2008 12:00:00 AM2/4/2009 12:00:00 AMAzizi@endocrine.ac.ir13540http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Marfan Syndrome and Early-Onset Diabetic Retinopathy: A Case ReportPark Ka Y<SUP>a</SUP>, Aydin Cristina M<SUP>b</SUP>, Mazanderani Adel B<SUP>c</SUP>, Johnson M<SUP>b,c</SUP>, Chui L<SUP>d</SUP>, Tildesley Hugh D<SUP>b,c</SUP>Park Ka Y<SUP>a</SUP> Aydin Cristina M<SUP>b</SUP> Mazanderani Adel B<SUP>c</SUP> Johnson M<SUP>bc</SUP> Chui L<SUP>d</SUP> Tildesley Hugh D<SUP>bc</SUP><SUP>a</SUP>Department of Family Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, <SUP>b</SUP> Department of Medicine,University of British Columbia, <SUP>c</SUP>Division of Endocrinology, St. Paul’s HospitaCase Reportiabetic retinopathy is characterized by the proliferation of fibrovascular tissue extending from the retina into the vitreous cavity. MFS is an autosomal dominant disorder of the elastic tissue. Although MFS clearly manifests with multiple ocular problems, there is no reported association between MFS and diabetic retinopathy. Reported here is the case of 32-year-old male with Marfan Syndrome (MFS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) presented with an accelerated onset of diabetic retinopathy. Our patient developed diabetic retinopathy only 4 years following the diagnosis of type 2 DM, de-spite excellent glucose control. We suggest that there may be a pathophysiological link between MFS and diabetes involving extracellular matrix components that accelerates and/or augments the retinopathic processes in MFS patients. Specifically, we postulate that increased levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in diabetic retinas facilitate the proteolysis of an already weakened ocular connective tissue in MFS, ultimately leading to early development of ophthalmologic manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy.Marfan syndrome, Diabetic retinopathy, Type 2 diabetes, Matrix metalloproteinasesMarfan Syndrome and Diabetic RetinopathyHugh D. Tildesley12/25/2008 12:00:00 AM1/10/2009 12:00:00 AMhught@istar.ca 14145http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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Acromegaly Associated with Leukemia: A Case ReportAdib MH<SUP>a</SUP>, Ebadi A<SUP>b</SUP>Adib MH<SUP>a</SUP> Ebadi A<SUP>b</SUP><SUP>a</SUP>Department of Medical Oncology, <SUP>b</SUP>Department of Endocrinology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, I.R. IranCase ReportAcromegaly is one of the most common clinical presentations of pituitary tumors. Some patients with this condition may be affected by other benign or malignant neoplasms. There are a few reports of acromegaly in association with acute leukemias. Case report: Reported here is a case of acromega-ly associated with Philadelphia positive acute lymphoblastic leukemial. The patient was a 61 year-old man, evaluated for complaints of bleed-ing from pilonidal cyst and weakness. He had typical acromegalic features. Laboratory tests showed he had pancytopernia and elevated IGF-1 levels. Imaging studies revealed he had a pitui-tary macroadenoma. The result of aspiration and biopsy of bone marrow and flowcytometric analysis confirmed the diagnosis of acute lym-phoblastic leukemia, Pre B cell type. Cytogenetic study of lymphoblasts revealed translocation of the 9 and 22 or Philadelphia chromosome. Conclusion: It is suggested that the proliferative effect of growth hormone, as well as its anti-apoptotic activity related to IGF-1 may result in the increased incidence of neoplastic processes including acute leukemias in this group of pa-tients.Acromegaly, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Philadelphia chromosomeAcromegaly associated with LeukemiaDr. A. Ebadi1/10/2009 12:00:00 AM2/19/2009 12:00:00 AMebadi_ar@kaums.ac.ir14650http://www.ijem.org/Default.aspx

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